Remineralising effects of fluoride varnishes containing calcium phosphate on artificial root caries lesions with adjunctive application of proanthocyanidin

To evaluate the remineralising effects of fluoride (F) varnishes containing bioavailable calcium-phosphate compound (Ca-P) based remineralisation systems and 5000 ppm F toothpaste (FTP) on root caries lesions (RCLs) potential proanthocyanidin (PA) for treatments RCLs when used as an adjunct to regimens. Demineralised dentine a pH-cycling model were mimic oral environment. Remineralising MI VarnishTM (MIV) casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) Clinpro™ White Varnish (CPWV) tri-calcium (TCP) along with FTP PA evaluated regarding birefringence, elemental composition, mechanical properties mineral density remineralised DuraphatTM comparison. MIV, CPWV promoted incorporation into increased but did not change microhardness significantly. Surface significantly MIV or was FTP. Application regimens subsurface density. When applied FTP, highest ion uptake relative gain (%?Z) achieved, significant increase up 30 ?m depth. Generally, associated higher content than CPWV. Treatment carious surfaces remains challenging due complex pathological processes difficulty in restoring highly organised structure dentine. strategies targeting both preservation dentinal organic matrix have improve fluoride-mediated approaches.